Showing posts with label past tense. Show all posts
Showing posts with label past tense. Show all posts

Saturday, 2 March 2013

Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Posted by Unknown On 01:32 2 comments


 
Tenses bentuk ini digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang telah dimulai dan masih berlangsung pada waktu lampau.

a. Pola Baku
I/You/We/They + Had + Been + Present Participle
He/She/It + Had + Been + Present Participle

1.Positive Sentence atau Kalimat Positif
S + Had + Been + V-ing + O/Adv
Contohnya :
* I had been playing tennis.
* Bagas had been watching television.
* She had been listening the music.

2. Negative Sentence atau Kalimat Negatif
S + Had + Not + Been + V-ing + O/Adv
Contohnya :
* I had not been playing tennis.
* Bagas had not (hadn’t) been watching television.
* She had not been listening the music.

3. Interrogative Sentence atau Kalimat Pertanyaan
Had + S + Been + V-ing + O/Adv?
Had + Not + S + Been + V-ing + O/Adv?
Contohnya :
* Had you been playing tennis?
* Had not (hadn’t) Bagas been watching television?
* Had she been listening the music?


b. Penggunaan
1. Untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung selama periode waktu tertentu di waktu lampau sebelum terjadi peristiwa lain.
Contohnya :
* Dika had been smoking for 3 years when he finally stopped.
* Reyhan had been waiting for the plane for 40 minutes when I saw him.

2. Untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang terjadi pada waktu lampau dan peristiwa itu masih berlangsung ketika peristiwa lain terjadi.
Contohnya :
* Rizal had been playing badminton since 3 o’clock when his father arrived from office last night.
* When Putri arrived, I had been waiting for her for an hour.


c. Ciri-ciri Khusus
1. Predikat kalimat yang sering dipergunakan dalam bentuk tenses ini berpola Had + Been + Present Participle
Contohnya :
* They had been learning English.
* I had been sleeping, when my father went to office.

2. Keterangan waktu yang kerap digunakan dalam bentuk tenses ini antara lain :
when : ketika
since : sejak
after : sesudah
before : sebelum
for : selama

Past Perfect Tense

Posted by Unknown On 01:25 1 comment


 
Tenses bentuk ini digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau kejadian yang telah selesai dilakukan sebelum perbuatan lain dilakukan di masa lampau.

a. Pola Baku
I/You/We/They + Had + Past Participle
He/She/it + Had + Past Participle
1. Positive Sentence atau Kalimat Positif
S + Had + V-3 + O/Adv
Contohnya :
* I had played tennis last night.
* He had spoken Spain in the class.

2. Negative Sentence atau Kalimat Negatif
S + Had + Not + V-3 + O/Adv
Contohnya :
* I had not (hadn’t) played tennis last night.
* He hadn’t spoken Spain in the class.

3. Interrogative Sentence atau Kalimat Pertanyaan
Had + S + V-3 + O/Adv
Had + S + Not + V-3 + O/Adv
Contohnya :
* Had I Played tennis last night?
* Had not (hadn’t) he spoken Spain in the class?


b. Penggunaan
1. Untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa atau kejadian yang telah selesai dilakukan di masa lampau.
Contohnya :
* I had gone to the market with my friend.
* My sister had gone to the school.

2. Untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa atau kejadian yang telah terjadi sebelum saat tertentu di masa lalu.
Contohnya :
* My sister had gone to the market before she had gone to the school.
* I had learnt English before gone to school.

3. Untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa atau kejadian yang telah selesai dikerjakan atau dilakukan sebelum peristiwa lain terjadi.
Contohnya :
* Sandi had fallen from motor cycle before Dika help her.

4. Untuk menyatakan suatu berita yang tidak diketahui secara langsung.
Contohnya :
* Dheni said that his mother had eaten rice.


c. Ciri-ciri Khusus
1. Predikat kalimat dalam bentuk past perfect tense kerap kali berupa Had + past participle
Contohnya :
* The bus had come before we left.
* Deka has played the guitar.

2. Keterangan waktu yang kerap digunakan dalam pola atau bentuk tenses ini adalah :
after : setelah
before : sebelum
just : baru saja
two months ago : dua hari yang lalu
as soon as : secepatnya

Past Continuous Tense

Posted by Unknown On 01:19 1 comment


 
Tenses ini digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sedang terjadi di waktu lampau.

a. Pola Baku
I/He/She/It + To Be (was) + Present Participle
You/They/We + To Be (were) + Present Participle

1. Positive Sentence atau Kalimat Positif
S + To Be (was,were) + V-ing + O/Adv
Contohnya :
* I was eating.
* They were swimming.

2. Negative Sentence atau Kalimat Negatif
S + To Be (was,were) + Not + V-ing + O/Adv
Contohnya :
* I was not (wasn’t) eating.
* They were not (weren”t) swimming.

3. Interrogative Sentence atau Kalimat Pertanyaan
To Be (was,were) + S + V-ing + O/Adv?
To Be (was,were) + Not + S + V-ing + O/Adv?
Contohnya :
* Was I playing football last night?
* Weren’t they swimming yesterday?


b. Penggunaan
1. Untuk menyatakan suatu aktivitas atau peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung di waktu lampau saat peristiwa lain terjadi.
Contohnya :
* I was watching the television when Dhani came.
* When we were crossing the street yesterday, we saw an accident.

2. Untuk menyatakan dua peristiwa yang terjadi secara bersamaan di waktu yang lampau.
Contohnya :
* As I was learning English, my sister was cooking in the kitchen.
* Didik was reading the newspaper while I was listening music.

3. Untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa atau kejadian yang terjadi secara bertahap.
Contohnya :
* The sun was going down in the west.
* He was growing up.


c. Ciri-ciri Khusus

1. Predikat kalimat dalam bentuk past continuous tenses ini selalu dari were atau was + Present Participle.
Contohnya :
* I was buying the magazine.
* They were playing the football.

2. Tanda waktu yang sering digunakan dalam bentuk ini antara lain :
All day yesterday : sepanjang hari kemarin
As : sewaktu
When : ketika
While : selagi
Whole day last week : sepanjang hari minggu kemarin

Simple Past Tense

Posted by Unknown On 01:06 No comments


Tenses bentuk ini digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang telah terjadi di waktu lampau dan diketahui kapan waktu terjadinya.

a. Pola Baku

I/You/We/They + Past Tenses

He/She/It + Past Tenses

1. Positive Sentence atau Kalimat Positif

S + V2 + O/Adv

Contohnya :

* I played badminton in this morning.

* She went to the market yesterday.

2. Negative Sentence atau Kalimat Negatif.

S + DID + NOT + V1 + O/Adv

Contohnya :

* I did not (didn’t) play badminton in this morning.

* She didn’t go to the market yesterday.

3. Interrogative Sentence atau Kalimat Pertanyaan

DID/Does + S + V1 + O/Adv?

DID (Not) + S + (NOT) + V1 + O/Adv?

DID + S + NOT + V1 + O/Adv?

Contohnya :

* Did you play badminton this morning?

* Did not (didn’t) she go to the market yesterday?

b. Penggunaan

1. Untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang terjadi di masa lampau.

Contohnya :

* I did the homework yesterday.

* She went to Bandung last week.

2. Untuk menyatakan suatu kebiasaan yang dilakukan di masa lampau.

Contohnya :

* He usually analyzed the scientific books.

* Boby always composed a short story every week.

3. Untuk menyatakan urutan peristiwa atau aktivitas yang terjadi di masa lampau.

Contohnya :

* Finishing my work, I walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim.

* He arrived at the port at 10:00, checked into the hotel at 10:30, and met his parent at 12:00.

4. Untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa atau kejadian yang seandainya terlaksana dilakukan di masa lampau.
Contohnya :

* If you came to my home what would you do?

c.Ciri-ciri Khusus

1. Predikat kalimat untuk bentuk past tense selalu menggunakan kata kerja bentuk ke-2 atau preterite verb.

Contohnya :

* Dimas saw a movie last week.

* We learnt English yesterday.

2. Dalam past tense, kalimat tanya dibentuk dengan menambahkan kata Did di depan subjek kalimat, sedangkan untuk bentuk negatifnya dengan menambahkan kata not setelah subjek.

Contohnya :

* Did you go to Surabaya?

* We did not play football.

3. Tanda waktu yang sering digunakan dalam bentuk ini adalah :

Yesterday : Kemarin

Just now : Baru saja

Last night : Tadi malam

Five days ago : lima hari yang lalu

Last week : Minggu yang lalu

The other day : Beberapa hari yang lalu