ADJECTIVE

An adjective is a name for a word that modifies (describes) a noun. Nouns are words that name a place, a person, a thing, or an idea. An adjective is a word that gives more information about the noun that goes with it (accompanies). from wikipedia

NOUN             + BE + ADJECTIVE a. A ball                 is     round b. Balls                 are    round c. Mary                  is      intelligent d. Mary and Tom are    intelligent     PRONOUN + BE + ADJECTIVE e. I                       am   hungry f. She                   is     young They                    are   happy

ADJECTIVE (round, intelligent, hungry, young, happy) Adjectives often follow a form of be (am, is, are). Adjectives describe or give information about a noun or pronoun that comes at the beginning of a sentence.*

*The noun or pronoun that comes at the beginning of a sentence is called a “subject”

EXERCISE: Find the adjective in the first sentence. Then complete the second sentence with be + an adjective that has an opposite meaning. Use the adjectives in the list. Use each adjective only one time.

beautiful clean cold dangerous easy

expensive fast happy noisy old

open poor short sour tall

1. I’m not sad. I ‘m happy .

2. Ice isn’t hot. It _______________________________________

3. Mr. Thomas isn’t rich. He _______________________________________

4. My hair isn’t long. It _______________________________________

5. My clothes aren’t dirty. They _______________________________________

6. Flowers aren’t ugly. They _______________________________________

7. Cars aren’t cheap. They _______________________________________

8. Airplanes aren’t slow. They _______________________________________

9. Grammar isn’t difficult. It _______________________________________

10. My sister isn’t short. She _______________________________________

11. My grandparents aren’t young. They ____________________________________

12. The dormitory isn’t quiet. It _______________________________________

13. The door isn’t closed. It _______________________________________

14. Guns aren’t safe. They _______________________________________

15. Lemons aren’t sweet. They _______________________________________

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NEGATIVE WITH BE

NEGATIVE CONTRACTION (from esl.about.com)

aren't --- are not --- Example: They aren't coming next week.
can't --- can not --- Example: I can't understand you.
couldn't --- could not --- Example: He couldn't get his shoes on!
didn't --- did not --- Example: We didn't visit Rome. We went straight to Florence.
doesn't --- does not --- Example: He doesn't play golf.
don't --- do not --- Example: They don't like cheese.
hadn't --- had not --- Example: I hadn't thought of that!
hasn't --- has not --- Example: She hasn't telephoned yet.
isn't --- is not --- Example: She isn't listening to you.
mustn't --- must not --- Example: Children mustn't play with fire.
needn't --- need not --- Example: You needn't worry about that.
shouldn't --- should not --- Example: You shouldn't smoke cigarettes.
wasn't --- was not --- Example: I wasn't joking when I said that.
weren't --- were not --- Example: They weren't invited to the party.
won't --- will not --- Example: I won't be able to attend the conference.
wouldn't --- would not --- Example: She wouldn't be surprised if he showed up at the party. 

1-5 NEGATIVE WITH BE
(a)   Nicko (is not / isn’t) a teacher. He is a student.	Not makes a sentence negative Not can be contracted with is and are: CONTRACTION:  is + not = isn’t CONTRACTION: are + not = aren’t
(b)   Nicko and Dina (are not / aren’t) teachers.
(c)    I am not a teacher	Am and not are contracted

EXERCISE : Complete the sentences with the correct information

1. Korea    isn’t   a city. It   ‘s a country  .
2. Horses ______________ insects. They ______________
3. Asia ______________  a country. It ______________
4. Bees and ants ______________  animals. They ______________
5. Arabic ______________  a country. It ______________
6. I ______________  a professional photographer. I ______________

To be: negative sentences, by sebelenglish
Find this and other to be exercises in English Exercises .org

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CONTRACTIONS WITH BE

A contraction is a shortened version of the written and spoken forms of a word, syllable, or word group, created by omission of internal letters.In traditional grammar, contraction can denote the formation of a new word from one word or a group of words, for example, by elision. This often occurs in rendering a common sequence of words or, as in French, in maintaining a flowing sound.

In strict analysis, contractions should not be confused with abbreviations or acronyms (including initialisms), with which they share some semantic and phonetic functions, though all three are connoted by the term "abbreviation" in loose parlance.Contraction is also distinguished from clipping, where beginnings and endings are omitted.

1-4 CONTRACTIONS WITH BE
AM	PRONOUN +  BE = CONTRACTIONS I                  +  am =  I’m       (a) I’m a student	When people speak, they often push two words together. A contractions = two words that are pushed together Contractions of a subject pronoun + be are used in both speaking and writing PUNCTUATION = The mark in the middle of contractions is called an “apostrophe” (‘)
IS	She             +  is   =  she’s   (b) She’s a student He               +  is   =  he’s     (c) He’s a student It                  +  is  =   it’s       (d) It’s a city
ARE	You             + are = you’re   (e) You’re a student                                                    You’re students We              + are = we’re     (f) We’re students They           + are = they’re   (g) They’re students

NOTE: Write an apostrophe above the line. Do not write an apostrophe on the line

Correct           :       I’m a student    .

Incorrect         :       I,m a student    .

EXERCISE : Complete the sentences. Use CONTRACTIONS (pronoun + be)

1. Sara  is a student.               She’s              in my class.
2. Jim is a student. ____________________ in my class.
3. I have one borther. ____________________ twenty years old.
4. I have two sisters. ____________________ students.
5. I have a dictionary. ____________________ on my desk.
6. I like my classmates. ____________________ friendly.
7. I have three books. ____________________ on my desk.
8. My brother is twenty-six years old. ____________________ married.
9. My sister is twenty-one years old. ____________________ single.
10. Yoko and Ali are students. ____________________ in my class.
11. I like my books. ____________________ interesting.
12. I like grammar. ____________________ easy.
13. Kate and I live in an apartment. ____________________ roommates.
14. We live in an apartment. ____________________ on Pine Street.
15. I go to school. ____________________ a student.
16. I know you. ____________________ in my English class

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